Mango sudden decline - Ceratocystis manginecans
Effective: April 8, 2015 - December 31, 2020
Taxonomic Position: Microascales : Ceratocystidaceae
Pest Type: Fungi
Pest Code (NAPIS): FGANCYJ
This pest is a member of the following surveys: Tropical Hosts
These Approved Methods are appropriate for: 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016
Pest Information
CAPS Pest Datasheet: https://download.ceris.purdue.edu/file/2837
Pest Tracker: https://pesttracker.org/pest/FGANCYJ
Pest is vectored by:
Hypocryphalus mangiferae (bark beetle). This bark beetle vector has been reported to occur in Florida and Puerto Rico.
Survey
Approved Method(s)
| Method | Detail | NAPIS Survey Method |
|---|---|---|
| Visual | Collect symptomatic plant material. | 3031 - General Visual Observation |
Survey Recommendations
The following are recommendations for executing the survey using the approved methods for pest surveillance. The recommendations are developed through literature review and consultation with subject matter experts.
Signs:
No specific signs are present.
Symptoms:
Mango: Symptoms on affected trees include discoloration/dark staining of the vascular tissue, gum exudation, galleries of the beetle vector of the pathogen, leaf wilting and ultimately tree death.
The majority of diseased trees develop large, inconspicuous trunk cankers where the bark appears darker than normal. Beneath the affected bark underlying tissues often discolored brown to black.
The majority of diseased trees develop large, inconspicuous trunk cankers where the bark appears darker than normal. Beneath the affected bark underlying tissues often discolored brown to black.
Key Diagnostic or Identification
Approved Method(s)
ID/Diagnostic:
Morphological: Morphological characteristics of C. manginecans are described in van Wyk et al. (2007).
Note: Ceratocystis manginecans requires isolation prior to screening. Contact the PPQ National Mycology Specialists (PPQNISNTMycology@usda.gov) prior to the start of the survey season. The mycology specialists will provide guidance on how to sample and isolate the fungus and review the laboratory requirements for successful isolation.
Note: Ceratocystis manginecans requires isolation prior to screening. Contact the PPQ National Mycology Specialists (PPQNISNTMycology@usda.gov) prior to the start of the survey season. The mycology specialists will provide guidance on how to sample and isolate the fungus and review the laboratory requirements for successful isolation.
Mistaken Identities:
The wilt disease caused by this pathogen is very similar to the wilt disease of mango known to occur in Brazil since 1938 (caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata ).
In Progress / Literature-based Diagnostics:
For molecular identification, comparisons of DNA sequence data for the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), beta tubulin, and Transcription Elongation Factor (TEF) 1-alpha gene regions of C. manginecans were used (van Wyk et al., 2007; Tarigan et al., 2011). These comparisons confirmed previous findings based on morphological characteristics (van Wyk et al., 2007).
Rashid et al. (2013) sequenced and analyzed the nuclear encoded ITS1-5.8s -ITS2 rDNA region of C. manginecans. This study of ITS sequences distinguished C. manginecans from other Ceratocystis spp., and it also identified differences in sequences of C. manginecans isolates from Pakistan from C. manginecans isolates from other countries.
The genome of C. manginecans has recently been published (van der Nest et al., 2014). This will provide more insight on this pathogen in the future.
Rashid et al. (2013) sequenced and analyzed the nuclear encoded ITS1-5.8s -ITS2 rDNA region of C. manginecans. This study of ITS sequences distinguished C. manginecans from other Ceratocystis spp., and it also identified differences in sequences of C. manginecans isolates from Pakistan from C. manginecans isolates from other countries.
The genome of C. manginecans has recently been published (van der Nest et al., 2014). This will provide more insight on this pathogen in the future.
References
- Al Adawi, A.O, Al Jabri, R.M., Deadman, M.L., Barnes, I., Wingfield, B., and Wingfield, M.J. 2013. The mango sudden decline pathogen, Ceratocystis manginecans, is vectored by Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) in Oman. Journal of Plant Pathology 135(2): 243-251.
- Al Adawi, A.O., Barnes, I., Khan, I.A., Al Subhi, A.M., Al Jahwari, A.A., and Deadman, M.L. 2013. Ceratocystis manginecans associated with a serious wilt disease of two native legume trees in Oman and Pakistan. Australasian Plant Pathology 42(2): 179-193.
- Rashid, A., Iram, S., and Ahmad, I. 2014. Molecular Characterization of Ceratocystis manginecans sp. from mango in Pakistan. Pak. J. Agri. Sci. 51(4): 901-905.
- Tarigan, M., Roux, J., van Wyk, M., Tjahono, B., and Wingfield, M. J. 2011. A new wilt and die-back disease of Acacia mangium associated with Ceratocystis manginecans and C. acaciivora sp. nov. in Indonesia. South African Journal of Botany 77(2): 292-304.
- van der Nest, M., Bihon, W., De Vos, L., Naidoo, K., Roodt, D., Rubagotti, E., Slippers, B., Steenkamp, E., Wilken, P., Wilson, A., Wingfield, M., and WIngfield, B. 2014. Draft genome sequences of Diplodia sapinea, Ceratocystis manginecans, and Ceratocystis moniliformis. IMA Fungus (1): 135–140.
- van Wyk, M., Adawi, A.O.A., Khan, I.A., Deadman, M.L., Jahwari, A.A.A., and Wingfield, B.D. 2007. Ceratocystis manginecans sp. nov., causal agent of a destructive mango wilt disease in Oman and Pakistan. Fungal Diversity, 27: 213-230.
If you are unable to find a reference, contact STCAPS@usda.gov. See the CAPS Pest Datasheet for all references.